Warsaw’s First Electrification Was Renewable — and It Lit the Path for a Cleaner Future

March 8th 2025 Warsaw

The technology behind today’s TITAN Project owes much to a quiet lineage of innovators who came long before the era of climate targets and carbon markets. Inspired by these early industrialists, TITAN builds upon a legacy where electricity was local, independent, and renewable by necessity, not marketing. We inherit that history with humility and pride.

In the late 19th century, long before municipal power grids were laid, Warsaw quietly switched on — not from coal, but from wood gas, plant oils, and German-built engines. Electricity in Poland did not arrive with smoke and ceremony. It arrived with intention, resilience, and a clear grasp of available resources.

The first confirmed electric lights in Warsaw came on in 1888, inside the military fortress at Żoliborz. A Deutz gasifier engine, burning wood chips and coke, provided a smokeless, off-grid supply of electricity to illuminate tunnels, barracks, and secure magazines. This was Poland’s first renewable electrification, and it was powered by wood — not wires.

That same year, a second Deutz unit was installed at the Towarowa freight yard, where the Vienna–Warsaw Railway extended eastward via the Warsaw–Terespol line. Contrary to common retellings, the Warsaw–Terespol Railway was laid in standard European gauge, only transitioning to Russian broad gauge at the border town of Terespol. In Warsaw, Towarowa had become one of the busiest and most sensitive freight depots in the region — and its electric lights, powered by a local wood gas engine, served a strategic purpose. On dark winter nights, those lights allowed the military to deter undesirables, track movements, and maintain order amid the chaos of the city’s growing trade and customs corridor.

Then, in 1889, Austrian engineer Marschel & Co. delivered Warsaw’s first commercial electric lighting system to the woollen hand-finishing workshops of Praga, not far from where the vodka factory would soon be built. These workshops, connected to the rising Brühl textile estate, operated without chimneys, without soot — and without interruption. Their Deutz generator lit the benches of men and women who worked wool into fine garments for markets east and west. And they did so two full years before the first coal-fired generator ever arrived at the much-acclaimed vodka distillery.

This was decentralised electricity. It was locally fuelled. It was renewable.

Leveraging Direct Air Capture (DAC) for Targeted Microbial Fermentation

Harnessing PEGASUS: Direct Air Capture Meets HPG + TMF in the Race to Regenerate Carbon

How TITAN and ASMARA transform carbon from problem to product in line with EU priorities

As Europe confronts rising temperatures, tightening emissions targets, and increasing resource instability, a fundamental shift is underway: carbon is no longer seen only as waste, but as feedstock. This shift is visible in new industrial strategies, circular economy goals, and bioeconomy frameworks—but it needs infrastructure to deliver.

That’s where PEGASUS, a modular Direct Air Capture (DAC) system developed for integration with the TITAN and ASMARA platforms, enters the picture. It offers a breakthrough solution: capturing carbon from the air or industrial sources and transforming it into fuels, chemicals, materials, or even nutrients, via the microbial fermentation infrastructure already embedded within TITAN and ASMARA.

This is not speculative. It is already working in pilot, and it fits squarely within existing and forthcoming EU directives.

TITAN and ASMARA: Carbon-Circular by Design

TITAN, built for rural zones, converts forest and agricultural waste into hydrogen-rich gas (HPG) and uses microbial fermentation (TMF) to convert that gas into second-generation ethanol, biochemicals, and energy. ASMARA performs the same function in urban areas using sorted municipal solid waste (MSW). These platforms are modular, scalable, and already aligned with Europe’s Green Deal, REPowerEU, and Fit for 55 objectives.

Adding PEGASUS enhances these platforms by introducing a steady, high-purity stream of captured CO₂, which TMF microbes can metabolise directly. Rather than storing the carbon underground, as most current DAC-to-CCS models propose, PEGASUS routes the carbon into productive pathways—ensuring economic as well as ecological value.

This becomes especially powerful when blending CO₂ from multiple sources. For example:

  • Captured emissions from cement or steel plants (typically high in volume but lower in purity),
  • Ambient CO₂ captured via PEGASUS DAC (typically lower in volume but high in purity).

Blending both streams produces an optimised fermentation feedstock suitable for high-volume biofuels or specialised bio-based outputs. In fact, the purity of DAC opens entirely new metabolic pathways, allowing the production of advanced molecules such as bio-based solvents, high-purity organic acids, or even smart proteins like insulin analogues and bioactive lipids.

This is not just a carbon-negative process. It is biomanufacturing from thin air.

Why we need be concerned for LOT, not CPK

Rafał M. Socha

Friday 26 January, Warsaw Poland.

Syngas Project has been at the forefront of innovation with the development of the TITAN platform in Poland for almost a decade; specifically tailored for the production of 2nd generation ethanol (2G EtOH), a vital intermediary for fuelling Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) refineries.

Despite the urgency of the situation, the groundbreaking TITAN platform finds itself still sitting on the sidelines, facing the challenge of not yet finalising the allocation of funding required to propel it through the final leg of the EPC tender. This step is crucial in making TITAN investment-ready and leading to groundbreaking, initiating a 25-year-plus construction roll-out. The financial hurdle currently faced by the project puts it in a state of uncertainty, which is particularly frustrating given the imminent 2% EU Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) mandate scheduled for next year and the daunting 20% EU SAF mandate for 2030 looming on the horizon. TITAN’s potential to revolutionise SAF production in Poland and contribute to meeting these mandates makes the need for support and the release of funding even more pressing.

As the destiny of CPK teeters on the brink, the imperative to address LOT’s Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF) requirements becomes increasingly urgent. With each passing moment of delay, the pressure mounts on an already precarious situation, akin to an inflated balloon atop the proposed 46 billion Euro bill for CPK. Time is of the essence, and failure to swiftly meet LOT’s SAF needs jeopardises not only the realisation of CPK’s vision but also risks losing an airline and leaving behind a significant financial burden. Swift action is essential to avert this outcome and ensure the sustainable future of aviation in Poland.

ASMARA: Unlocking Pandora’s Box for Municipal Waste

The problem with MSW is the three C’s: Comingled, Cogglomerated and Contaminated

Pandoras Box

In mythology, Pandora’s Box released the world’s evils. In the case of ASMARA, opening the box reveals something far more hopeful: the transformation of society’s most problematic waste streams into usable, nature-like resources. At its core, ASMARA is a hydrogen producer gas (HPG) and fermentation platform tailored for the complex challenge of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). It is TITAN’s urban twin—engineered for cities, built for resilience, and future-proofed for circularity.

The ASMARA Breakthrough: Turning Plastic Waste into Resource

Most cities today are drowning in non-recyclable plastic waste—films, containers, food packaging, multi-layer composites, and even rubber tires, often contaminated with paper labels or bonded with incompatible polymers. These conglomerates clog sorting lines, evade recycling plants, and are routinely landfilled or incinerated.

ASMARA turns this problem on its head.

Resilient Landscapes: Navigating National Forest Reserves

Steve Walker 23.10.2023

In the ever-evolving narrative of climate change, Poland’s National Forest Reserves stand as vital guardians of biodiversity and sustainable resource utilisation. Within this intricate tapestry, Syngas Project, through its visionary initiatives “Reach” and “Cache”, is orchestrating a symphony of resilience. This extended exploration uncovers the strategic dance between Syngas Project and Poland’s National Forest Reserves, highlighting the symbiosis between forest management and climate-induced events.

Poland’s National Forest Reserves: Balancing Conservation and Utilization

Before we delve into the intricate strategies of “Reach” and “Cache,” it’s crucial to appreciate the unique character of Poland’s National Forest Reserves. These reserves, vital for preserving biodiversity, are also strategic sources of forest products. Yet, the delicate equilibrium between conservation and utilisation requires careful consideration, especially in the face of temporary disruptions caused by severe weather events.

Understanding Delayed Clear-Cutting: A Balanced Perspective

In the grand scheme of forest management, the delayed clear-cutting dilemma is not a norm but a calculated response to the temporary impact of severe weather events. This delayed harvesting, often prompted by storms, is a risk-mitigation strategy. It allows forest management authorities to adapt and preserve the resilience of the National Forest Reserves, recognizing that these weather events are temporary disruptions rather than perpetual obstacles.

Reach: Extending Syngas Project’s Influence Beyond Boundaries

Within this nuanced context, the Reach initiative becomes a strategic tool for Syngas Project. By harnessing Poland’s extensive electric railway infrastructure and TITAN’s capacity to generate extra carbon-positive electricity on demand, Reach facilitates the acquisition of biomass from various National Forest Reserves. The delayed clear-cutting in one reserve, resulting from a storm, transforms into an opportunity for Syngas Project to strategically acquire biomass from another reserve, thus aligning forest management practices with transient climate-induced events.

Syngas Projects TITAN and ASMARA: “Primed for Carbon Capture Integration”

Warsaw 6 October 2023

In the dynamic landscape of waste transformation, TITAN and ASMARA emerge as adaptive forward-compatible platforms proficient in converting solid waste into producers’ gas, and from hydrogen producers’ gas via microbial fermentation into new and better fuels, chemicals and materials. In a realm where innovation meets sustainability, these platforms unfold a compelling narrative ideal springboards within the realm of Carbon Circular Recycling (CCR).

Future-Proofing for CO2 Integration and Direct Air Capture: A Forward-Thinking Move?

Syngas Project strategically future-proofed TITAN and ASMARA to not only accommodate the intake of third-party CO2 waste from carbon capture devices but also kick-start direct air capture initiatives for CCR. Designed as forward-looking models, these platforms seamlessly integrate with the needs of future carbon capture entrepreneurs, ensuring adaptability for evolving technologies.

“The value proposition for the Direct Air Capture Project is, assured low-cost renewable electricity on demand in addition to an assured long-term off-taker agreement for Co2. For Syngas Projects platforms it’s a valuable and reliable source of CO2 for conversion into new fuels, chemicals and materials.”